Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Active Powers
The capacities of impulse and desire which lead to or determine human action, as described by 18th and 19th century Scottish common sense philosophy.
Aenesidemus
Biography of the 1st century philosopher who defended the ten tropes of skepticism.
Anaxagoras
Greek philosopher born about 500 BCE, responsible for giving philosophy a home at Athens and the first philosopher to introduce a spiritual principle which gives matter life and fo…
Anaximander
Greek philosopher of Miletus, born 611 BCE who thought it unnecessary to fix upon air, water, or fire as the original and primary form of body.
Anaximenes
5th century BCE Greek philosopher of Miletus who regarded 'air' as the primary form of body.
Antisthenes
Athenian philosopher and founder of the Cynic sect who was born around 440 BCE.
Aristippus
Description of the life and teachings of the philosopher Aristippus, founder of the Cyrenaic school of philosophy.
Bakhtin Circle
School of Russian thought centered on the work of Bakhtin which focused on questions of signification in artistic creation.
Beccaria, Cesare
18th century aristocrat whose work 'On Crimes and Punishments (1764)' inspired reform in the Italian criminal justice system.
Behaviorism
Theory in philosophy of mind which maintains that talk of mental events should be translated into talk about observable behavior.
Bentham, Jeremy
Extensive article on the 18th century 'founder' of utilitarianism.
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